Affirmative & Negative Agreement, Negation, Commands

Affirmative Agreement Untuk menghilangkan pengulangan kata pada suatu kalimat kita bisa menggunakan kata “so”atau “too”. Ada perbedaan pada susunan kalimatnya ketika menggunaan kata “so” dan “too”. Silahkan perhatikan rumus berikut:
Ketika hanya ada “to be” pada klausa utama (main clause), maka tenses yang sama dari “to be” digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause).

Contoh kalimat
1. I am hungry = I am hungry, and you are too.
2. You are hungry = I am hungry, and so are you.

Affirmative statement (to be) + and + Subject + to be + too
So + to be + subject

Contoh kalimat
1. Their plane is arriving at 7 o’clock, and so is mine.
2. I am sick, and He is too.
3. Our class is clean, and so are theirs.
4. Bella is beautiful, and her sister is too.
5. My hand writing is bad, and so are you.

Ketika hanya ada kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verb), contohnya: will, should, has, have, must, etc pada klausa utama (main clause), kata kerja bantu nya (auxiliary verb) juga digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause).

Contoh kalimat
1. He has seen her plays = He has seen her plays, and the girls have too.
2. The girls have seen her plays = He has seen her plays, and so have the girls.

Affirmative statement + and + Subject + auxiliary verb only + too
(auxiliary verb) So + auxiliary verb only + subject

Contoh kalimat
1. They will go at noon, and she will too.
2. He has an early appointment, and so have I.
3. They have written their lyrics, and so have we.
4. Richard has lived in Cuba for five years, and they have too.
5. I should finish the report, and she should too.

Ketika hanya ada kata kerja (verb) tanpa auxiliary verb pada klausa utama (main clause), kata kerja bantu do, does, atau did digunakan pada klausa kedua (second clause) dan tenses nya harus sama.

Contoh kaimat
1. We go to school = We go to school, and my brother does too.
2. My brother goes to school = We go to school, and so does my brother.

Affirmative statement + and + Subject + (do, does, did) + too
(single verb except ”to be”) So + (do, does, did) + subject

Contoh kalimat
1. We want to buy a fountain, and she does too.
2. My mother likes traveling, and so do their mother.
3. My brother invites him to the party, and my sister does too.
4. They wrote a good poem, and so did he.
5. Fred cooked fried rice for his breakfast, and Tina did too.

Negative Agreement
“Either” dan “neither” memiliki fungsi yang sama seperti kata “too” dan “so” pada klausa kedua (second clause) dalam kalimat positif (affirmative sentence/ agreement). Kata “Either”dan “neither” ini digunakan untuk mengindikasikan kalimat negative (negative sentence/ agreement). Aturan yang sama juga berlaku untuk penggunaan “to be”, “auxiliary verb” (kata kerja bantu), dan “verb” (kata kerja).

Contoh kalimat
1. I didn’t go to the mosque yesterday, and Ali didn’t either.
2. I didn’t go to the mosque yesterday, and neither did Ali.

Negative statement + and + Subject + negative auxiliary or “to be” + either
Neither + positive auxiliary or “to be” + subject

Contoh kalimat
1. The manager isn’t too happy with the project, and neither is his assistant.
2. We can’t study in the library, and he can’t either.
3. You didn’t pay the taxes, and they didn’t either.
4. My brother won’t accept my father’s decision, and my sister won’t either.
5. He doesn’t know the answer, and neither does she.

      Negation

To make a sentence negative, add the negative particle not after the auxiliary or verb be. If there is no auxiliary or be, add the appropriate form of do, does, or did and place in word not after that.

e.g.

John is rich                  John is not rich

Mark has seen Bill       Mark has not seen Bill

The following examples contain no auxiliary and thus use do, does, or did.

e.g.

Marvin likes spinach   Marvin does not like spinach

They went to class      They did not go to class

Some/any

If there is a noun in the complement of a negative sentence, one should add the particle any before the noun.

Some affirmative sentences

Any negative sentences and question

e.g. John has some money

John doesn’t have any money

     Commands

A command is an imperative statement. One person orders another to do something. It can be preceded by please. The understood subject is you. Use the simple form of the verb.

Close the door leave the room

Please turn off the light Open your book

Latihan soal :

1.         Rose likes to fly, and her brother does too.

2.         They will leave at noon, and I will too.

3.         He has an early appointment, and so do I.

4.         She has already written her composition, and so have her friends.

5.         Their plane is arriving at nine o’clock, and so is mine.

6.         The children shouldn’t take that medicine, and neither should she.

7.         We don’t plan to attend the concert, and neither do they.

8.      I don’t like tennis, and he doesn’t either.

Refrensi :
http://bahasainggrisonandNegativeAgreement013/04/elliptical-constructions.html
http://elsadenovia.blogspot.com/2014/05/affirmative-agreement-and-negative.html       http://fnflife.blogspot.com/2010/07/affirmative-negative-aggrement.html